Tooth pain is one of the most common and uncomfortable health complaints. Whether its a sharp jolt or a dull, throbbing ache, a toothache can disrupt your daily life and make even simple tasks like eating or talking difficult. Understanding the root causes of tooth pain, how to relieve it, and ways to prevent it can help you maintain a healthy and pain-free smile.

One of the most frequent causes of toothaches is tooth decay. Cavities occur when bacteria in the mouth feed on sugar, producing acid that erodes the enamel. When the decay reaches deeper into the tooth, it can irritate or infect the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vesselsthis is when the pain becomes noticeable and often severe.

Another common issue is gum disease. Inflammation from gingivitis or more advanced periodontitis can lead to swollen, bleeding gums and exposed roots, which makes teeth more sensitive to hot, cold, or sweet foods and beverages. Cracked or broken teeth, often from chewing hard foods or grinding at night, can also lead to sudden pain if the nerve is exposed.